What is Spina Bifida?
Spina bifida is a congenital condition in which the spine and spinal cord do not develop properly during pregnancy. It occurs when the neural tube does not close completely, leaving a portion of the spinal cord exposed.
Causes
Spina bifida usually develops before birth and may be associated with genetic factors, nutritional deficiencies (especially low folic acid), or problems in early fetal development.
Symptoms
Common symptoms may include:
- Weakness or paralysis in the legs
- Difficulty walking
- Problems with bladder or bowel control
- Orthopedic issues, such as a curved spine
Diagnosis
Doctors can diagnose spina bifida through prenatal ultrasound, MRI scans, or physical examination after birth.
Treatment
Treatment depends on the severity of the condition and may include surgery, physical therapy, and long-term medical care to improve mobility and quality of life.